In the early dialogues of Plato, there seems to be an incoherent portrait of Socrates. He seems in the Apology and Crito to make virtue the supreme good in human life, but in the Protagoras to make pleasure that supreme good, yet in the Gorgias to deny that pleasure is the supreme good. This book reconciles the hedonist of the Protagoras with the anti hedonist of the Gorgias by distinguishing two theories of pleasure: Socrates argues against one but accepts the other. It reconciles Socrates the (properly understood) hedonist with Socrates the virtue supremacist of the Apology and Crito by showing how Socrates can identify pleasant activity (according to his theory of pleasure) with virtuous activity. It is part of my project to provide a deeper philosophical understanding of Socrates’ ideas that virtue is sufficient for happiness, that nothing bad can happen to a good man (Ap. 4idi). [download]
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